"When systems have many layers of defenses, they are largely proof against single failures, either human or technical,” writes psychology professor and expert in human error, James Reason. “The only types of accidents they can suffer are organizational accidents.”1 He defines these as stemming from “deficiencies in either the structure of a company or the way in which it conducts its business that allow safety responsibilities to become ill-defined and warning signs to be overlooked.” Reason was principally concerned with things like aviation safety and industrial accidents. But research from this field of study offers much for those concerned with the management or supervision of operational risk in banking.
"Risk managers are responsible for the operation of “sociotechnical systems” of control," - Jim Wetherbee
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